At one point Gruenwald owned a replica of Captain America's shield – the same shield now owned by Stephen Colbert.

He made a deliberate effort to create villains who would be specific to Captain America, as opposed to generic foes who could as easily have been introduced in another comic. As a writer, Gruenwald is best known for creating the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe and his ten-year stint as the writer of Captain America (from 1985 to 1995) – during which he contributed several notable characters such as Crossbones, Diamondback and U.S. In 1982, Gruenwald, Steven Grant, and Bill Mantlo co-wrote Marvel Super Hero Contest of Champions, the first limited series published by Marvel Comics. The cover of Comic Reader #180 (May–June 1980) featuring Hawkman and Adam Strange and the entry for Merlyn the Archer in Who's Who: the Definitive Directory of the DC Universe #15 (May 1986) were Gruenwald's only comics artwork outside of Marvel. Penciler ĭuring the years 1982–1984, Gruenwald did fill-in pencil work for a handful of Marvel comics, most notably the 1983 Hawkeye limited series, but also issues of What If?, Marvel Team-Up Annual, The Incredible Hulk, and Questprobe. During this period, he shared an office with writer/editor Denny O'Neil, whom Gruenwald considered a mentor. Hired initially as an assistant editor in January 1978, Gruenwald was promoted to full editorship by Marvel editor-in-chief Jim Shooter in 1982, putting Gruenwald in charge of The Avengers, Captain America, Iron Man, Thor, Spider Woman, and What If. In 1978 he was hired by Marvel Comics, where he remained for the rest of his career. Articles by Gruenwald include 'The Martian Chronicles' (a history of the Martian Manhunter) in issue #13 and several articles on the history of the Justice League in issue #14. Before being hired by Marvel, he wrote text articles for DC Comics’ official fanzine, The Amazing World of DC Comics. Gruenwald got his start in comics fandom, publishing his own fanzine, Omniverse, which explored the concept of continuity.

Mark Eugene Gruenwald ( / ˈ ɡ r uː n w ɔː l d/ June 18, 1953 – August 12, 1996) was an American comic book writer, editor, and occasional penciler known for his long association with Marvel Comics.

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